ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Anterior segment morphometry is crucial for ophthalmologists to understand the visual outcomes of cataract surgery, keratorefractive surgery, as well as some other anterior segment disorders. Previous reports in literature have shown that anterior chamber depth (ACD) may shift slightly after vitrectomy. This study aimed to characterize the shortterm changes in ACD in eyes after vitrectomy by means of A-scan ultrasound.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A prospective case series study was carried out on 29 eyes of 29 patients who underwent vitrectomy as the sole procedure. ACD was measured using A-scan ultrasound biometry shortly before vitrectomy and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the surgery. Postoperative ACDs were compared with baseline.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-nine patients (16 males and 13 females) were enrolled in the study, with mean age of (50 ± 11) (25-65) years. Twenty-three eyes of 23 patients were vitrectomized for vitreous hemorrhage (VH) and the other six were operated for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM). The mean preoperative ACD of the VH eyes was (2.98 ± 0.38) mm. No significant difference was found between the ACD of the VH eyes and their fellow eyes (P = 0.058). The average preoperative ACD in the ERM eyes was (2.94 ± 0.31) mm, which was statistically deeper than that of their fellow eyes ((2.85 ± 0.28) mm, P = 0.008). No statistical difference was found in the postoperative average ACD of the VH eyes compared with baseline. In the ERM group, the postoperative ACD in the surgical eyes was still statistically deeper than the fellow eyes 1 week after surgery (P = 0.034). However, such statistical difference disappeared at 1 or 3 months postoperative (P = 0.186 and 0.682).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ERM may induce deepening of the ACD, which can be recovered by uneventful vitrectomy. VH does not cause shift of ACD, neither does vitrectomy.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anterior Chamber , Pathology , Prospective Studies , VitrectomyABSTRACT
Background Choroidal melanoma (CM)is the most common primary intraocular tumor,and brachytherapy is one of the most common therapeutic modality in the treatment of the tumor.However,this irradiation approach has not been evaluated in China. Objective The present study was to analyze the effectiveness and safety of domestic 125I plaque irradiation in the treatment of CM. Methods Forty New Zealand albino rabbits were randomized into 5 groups with 8 rabbits 8 eyes (right eyes) in each group.CM models were established in 16 of 40 New Zealand albino rabbits by implanting the rat B16F10 melanoma cell fragments into the suprachoroidal space of right eyes.After 3 weeks,domestic 125I plaque was fixed at the location of CM in the irradiation group 1,and 8 rabbits with CM served as model control group.The clinical effectiveness of 125I plaque for CM was evaluated based on the fundus examination with indirect ophthalmoscopy,B scan ultrasonography,fundus photographs and color Dopplerimaging.Regarding the safety study,domestic 125I plaque was fixed on the normal right cycs of normal rabbits,while the plaques without 125I seeds were used as the sham group.No intervene was performed in the rabbits of blank group.The number of CD4+,CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry before plaques implanted and on 3,7,15 and 30 days after the plaque was removed.The animals were sacrificed and the eyes were obtained for histology examination.The use of the experimental animals complied with Statement of ARVO. Results After implantation of B16F10 melanoma cell fragments,CM grew steadily and rapidly with the similar size between irradiation group 1 and model control group ( P =0.550).One week after administration of the treatment,tumor size was(0.31±0.07 )cm in irradiation group 1 and (0.85±0.18 )em in the model control group,with the significant difference between them( P=0.001 ).Two week after application of 125I plaque,the size of tumor was smaller than that before irradiation (P=0.007 ).Histologically,the tumors were mostly limited beneath the pigment epithelial layer with less neovascularization,fibrosis in the tumor was found in some area in the irradiation group when compared with model control group.No significant differences were found in the proportions of CD4+,CD8+ T cells and CD4+/CD8+ at different time points in the irradiation groups of normal eyes and sham group (Fgroup =0.770,8.110,2.230; P=0.380,0.060,0.140; Ftime =0.770,3.220,4.230; P =0.550,0.170,0.004 ).Chronic inflammatory cells infiltration cornea,subconjunctival epithelial and selera surface,but sclera had no necrosis and organization.Conclusions These results suggest that domestic 125I plaque irradiation is effective for the treatment of CM,and has limited side effects on normal rabbits.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is one of the most common causes of visual loss. Many approaches have been tried to treat central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) with various results. However, there is no defined protocol and limited evidence to support the interventions currently used. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine Fufang XueShuan Tong (FXST) in treating experimentally created RVO.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RVO model was first induced in forty-four pigmented rabbits through photocoagulation following injection of rose Bengal. The rabbits were divided into four groups based on the dose of FXST administered (212 mg/kg, 424 mg/kg, 848 mg/kg and control group). The rabbits were observed for four weeks after the procedure, using color fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography and electroretinogram examination. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the vitreous and histopathologic evaluation were monitored.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The obstructed vessels in the treatment groups reopened or anastomosed faster than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The amplitude of maximum b wave and the oscillatory potential were significantly higher in the treatment groups than in the control group (P < 0.01). At both two weeks and four weeks, VEGF and IL-6 levels in the vitreous were significantly decreased in the treatment groups (P < 0.01), while NO levels were significantly elevated (P < 0.01). At the same time, histopathologic evaluation showed different retinal neuroepithelium structures in the different groups. Immunoreactivity of VEGF was greater in the control group than in the treatment groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FXST was helpful in reconstructing retinal vessels in the RVO model, protecting retinal structures and improving visual function, and could inhibit the neovascular factor.</p>